E ʻimi i ke kumu a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ke kiʻi keleawe i loko o nā moʻomeheu like ʻole a me nā manawa.
Hoʻolauna
ʻO ke kiʻi keleawe he ʻano kiʻi kiʻi e hoʻohana ana i ke keleawe keleawe ma ke ʻano he kumu mua.ʻO Bronze kahi huila keleawe a me ka tin, a ua ʻike ʻia no kona ikaika, lōʻihi, a me ka malleability.Hoʻolilo kēia mau waiwai i mea kūpono no ke kiʻi kiʻi, no ka mea hiki ke hoʻolei ʻia i nā ʻano paʻakikī a laila hoʻopau ʻia me kahi kikoʻī kiʻekiʻe.
ʻO ka mōʻaukala o ke kiʻi keleawe mai ka makahiki Bronze, i hoʻomaka ma kahi o 3300 BC.Ua hana ʻia nā kiʻi keleawe kahiko loa ma Kina a hoʻohana ʻia no nā hana kuʻuna a me nā mea hoʻonaninani.Ua laha koke aku ke kii keleawe i na wahi e ae o ka honua, e like me Aigupita, Helene, a me Roma
(Olympia Greece Solid Bronze Lio: Ke kenekulia 5 mua BC)
I ka honua Kahiko, ua mahalo nui ʻia ke kiʻi keleawe no kona nani a me ka ʻenehana loea.ʻO ka nui o nā kiʻi kiʻi kaulana loa mai kēia wā, e like me ka Winged Victory of Samothrace a me ka Discobolus, i hana ʻia i ke keleawe.
Ua kaulana ke kiʻi keleawe i ka Middle Ages a me ka Renaissance.I kēia manawa, hoʻohana ʻia ke keleawe e hana i nā kiʻi hoʻomana a me nā kiʻi honua.I ke kenekulia 19, ua ʻike hou ʻia ke kiʻi keleawe, ʻoiai ua hoʻomaka nā mea pena e like me Auguste Rodin lāua ʻo Edgar Degas e hoʻokolohua me nā ʻenehana a me nā ʻano hou.
I kēia mau lā, ʻo ke kiʻi keleawe ka mea kaulana no nā mea pena kiʻi.Hoʻohana ʻia ia no ka hana ʻana i nā monuments lehulehu a me nā hana kiʻi liʻiliʻi no nā mea ʻohi pilikino.ʻO ke kiʻi keleawe he ʻano kiʻi maʻamau a paʻa i leʻaleʻa ʻia e nā kānaka no nā kenekulia.
ʻO nā laʻana o nā Bronze Sculpture ma ka mōʻaukala penei:
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DAVID (DONATELLO)
(Bronze David, Donatello)
He kiʻi keleawe ʻo David na ka mea kālai Italia ʻo Donatello.Ua hana ʻia ma waena o 1440 a me 1460 a ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia kekahi o nā hana koʻikoʻi o ka Renaissance sculpture.Ke hōʻike ʻia nei ke kiʻi ma ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike ʻo Accademia ma Florence, Italia.
ʻO David kahi kiʻi kiʻi ola o ke kanaka koa Baibala ʻo David, nāna i lanakila i ke kanaka nunui ʻo Golia me ka maʻa.Hana ʻia ke kiʻi me ke keleawe a ma kahi o 1.70 mika ke kiʻekiʻe.Hōʻike ʻia ʻo David ma ke ʻano he kanaka ʻōpio, me ke kino muscular a me ka hōʻike hilinaʻi.He olohelohe ia koe wale no ka mahiole a me na kamaa.ʻIke ʻia ke kiʻi no kona hōʻike maoli ʻana i ke kino o ke kanaka a me kona hoʻohana ʻana i ka contrapposto, kahi pose i hoʻololi ʻia ke kaumaha o ke kino i hoʻokahi ʻūhā, e hana ana i kahi ʻano o ka neʻe a me ka ikaika.
Ua kauoha mua ʻia ʻo David e ka ʻohana Medici, nāna i hoʻomalu iā Florence i kēlā manawa.Ua hoʻokomo mua ʻia ke kiʻi i loko o ka pā o ka Palazzo Vecchio, akā ua hoʻoneʻe ʻia i ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike ʻo Accademia i ka makahiki 1873 e pale aku iā ia mai nā kumu.
Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo David kekahi o nā hana koʻikoʻi o ka Renaissance sculpture.He mea hana nui ia o ka ʻike maoli a me ka ʻenehana, a he hōʻailona ikaika ia o ka wiwo ʻole, ka ikaika, a me ka lanakila.
Loaʻa ʻo Davidkii keleawe no ke kuaii hana ʻia e nā mea kālai kiʻi kaulana a me nā mea hana i kēia lā.ʻO ka maikaʻi o lākouKa Mea Hana Hana Hana, E leka uila iā lākou inā makemake ʻoe i kahi kope o kēia kiʻi kaulana
He kiʻi kiʻi nani ʻo David.Inā ʻoe e ʻimi nei i kahikii keleawe nuie hoʻohui i kahi paʻi o ka nani i kou home a i ʻole ke keʻena, a laila ʻo ke kiʻi o David kahi koho maikaʻi loa.
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KA MANAO
(Ka mea noonoo)
ʻO ka mea noʻonoʻo hekiʻi keleawe nuina Auguste Rodin, i kau pinepine ia ma ka paepae pohaku.Hōʻike ka hana i kahi kiʻi kāne olohelohe o ka nui heroic e noho ana ma luna o ka pōhaku.ʻIke ʻia ʻo ia e hilinaʻi ana, kau ʻia kona kuʻe lima ʻākau ma ka ʻūhā hema, e paʻa ana ke kaumaha o kona auwae ma ke kua o kona lima ʻākau.ʻO ka pose kahi o ka noʻonoʻo hohonu a me ka noʻonoʻo ʻana, a hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ke kiʻi ma ke ʻano he kiʻi e hōʻike ai i ke akeakamai.Ua noʻonoʻo ʻo Rodin i ke kiʻi ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o kāna hana ʻo The Gates of Hell i kauoha ʻia i ka makahiki 1880, akā ʻo ka mea mua o nā mea hao keleawe kaulana i hana ʻia ma 1904 a ua hōʻike ʻia i kēia manawa ma ka Musée Rodin, ma Paris.
ʻO ke kumu hoʻohālike no kēia kiʻi, e like me nā hana ʻē aʻe a Rodin, ʻo ia ka muscular French prizefighter a me ka mokomoko ʻo Jean Baud, ka mea i ʻike nui ʻia ma ka ʻāpana ʻulaʻula.Ua hōʻike ʻia ʻo Jean Baud ma ka 1911 Swiss 50 franc note e Hodler.Aia ke kumu mua ma ka Musée Rodin ma Palisa.ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kiʻi he 72 knm, ua hana ʻia me ke keleawe, a ua paʻi maikaʻi ʻia a hoʻonani ʻia.Hōʻike ka hana i kahi kiʻi kāne olohelohe o ka nui o ka heroic a he paʻakikī, muscular, a i loko, e noʻonoʻo ana i nā hana a me ka hopena o ka poʻe e noho ana ma luna o ka pōhaku.
ʻO ka Thinker kekahi o nā kiʻi kiʻi kaulana loa ma ka honua.Ua hana hou ʻia ma nā ʻano he nui, mai nā kiʻi liʻiliʻi a hiki i nā hana lehulehu.ʻO ia kekahi o nā kiʻi Bronze i kālai ʻia no ke kūʻai aku.ʻO ke kiʻi he hōʻailona mana o ka noʻonoʻo, ka noʻonoʻo, a me ka noʻonoʻo.He mea hoʻomanaʻo e hiki iā mākou ke hana i nā mea nui inā mākou e lawe wale i ka manawa e noʻonoʻo ai.
ʻO ka Thinker kahi koho kaulana o akii keleawe nuino ke kii lehulehu.Ua hoʻokomo ʻia ma nā paka, nā māla, a me nā wahi ākea ʻē aʻe ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa.He mea hoʻomanaʻo ke kiʻi e hiki iā mākou ke hana i nā mea nui inā mākou e lawe wale i ka manawa e noʻonoʻo ai.
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KA BIPI KAUKA
ʻO ka Charging Bull, i kapa ʻia ʻo Bowling Green Bull a i ʻole ka Wall Street Bull, he kiʻi keleawe na Arturo Di Modica.Ua hana ʻia ma 1989 a aia ma Bowling Green, Manhattan, New York City.
(Ka Bull Charging)
ʻO ke kiʻi he hōʻailona o ka manaʻolana kālā a me ka pōmaikaʻi.Hōʻike ia i kahi bipi, ka hōʻailona o ka mākeke kūʻai, e hoʻouka ana i mua.He 11 kapuaʻi (3.4 m) ka lōʻihi o ka bipi a ʻo kona kaumaha he 7,100 paona (3,200 kg).Hana ʻia ia me ke keleawe a ua hoʻolei ʻia ma ke ʻano nalo-wax.
Ua waiho mua ʻia ka Charging Bull i mua o ka New York Stock Exchange ma Dekemaba 15, 1989, ma ke ʻano he makana kupanaha i ke kūlanakauhale.Ua hoʻoneʻe ʻia i Bowling Green, kahi i noho ai mai ia manawa mai.Ua lilo ke kiʻi kiʻi i wahi mākaʻikaʻi kaulana a hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ma ke ʻano he backdrop no nā kiʻi.
ʻO ka Charging Bull kahi hōʻailona ikaika o ka ikaika kālā a me ke kūpaʻa.He mea hoʻomanaʻo ʻoiai i ka wā o ka pilikia, e lanakila mau ana ka hoʻokele waiwai o ʻAmelika.
ʻO ka Charging Bull ke kumu o ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa nui.Ua hoʻohewa kekahi poʻe i ke kiʻi kiʻi no ka moekolohe a me ka paipai ʻana i ka hana ʻino.Ua hoʻopaʻapaʻa kekahi poʻe ʻo ke kiʻi kiʻi he hōʻailona ia o ke kuko a me ka ʻoi aku.Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka Charging Bull kahi hōʻailona kaulana o New York City a me ka hoʻokele waiwai ʻAmelika.
No ka poʻe i hoʻopio ʻia e ka hōʻailona a me ka hoʻowalewale o The Charging Bull, ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi kiʻi keleawe o kēia hana kiʻi kiʻi he manawa aloha.Ka Mea Hana Hana Hanahāʻawikūʻai aku i nā kiʻi keleawe, e ʻae ana i ka poʻe hoihoi e lawe mai i kahi paʻi o ka mana a me ka ikaika o Wall Street i ko lākou mau wahi ponoʻī.
ʻO ka hoʻokomo ʻana i kahi kiʻi keleawe o The Charging Bull e hiki ai i nā poʻe ke apo i ka ikaika hōʻailona a me ka manaʻo paʻa i hōʻike ʻia me ka hoʻohui ʻana i kahi pā o ka hanohano kiʻi i ko lākou puni.Inā hōʻike ʻia ma ka home, ke keʻena, a i ʻole ka lehulehu, lilo kēia kiʻi keleawe i mea kikowaena hoʻohiwahiwa, hoʻoulu i ka holomua a me ke kūpaʻa i ka poʻe a pau e ʻike ana.
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MANNEKEN PIS
(Manneken Pis)
ʻO Manneken Pis kahi kiʻi kiʻi puna keleawe he 55.5 knm (21.9 in) ma waena o Brussels, Pelekania, e hōʻike ana i kahi puer mingens;he keiki olohelohe e mimi ana i ka punawai.ʻOiai ua hōʻoia ʻia kona ola ʻana ma ka waena o ke kenekulia 15, ua hoʻolālā hou ʻia e ka Brabantine sculptor ʻo Jérôme Duquesnoy the Elder a hoʻokumu ʻia i 1618 a i ʻole 1619.
Ua ʻaihue pinepine ʻia ʻo Manneken Pis a i hōʻino ʻia i loko o kona mōʻaukala.Ua ʻaihue mua ʻia i ka makahiki 1619, ʻelua makahiki wale nō ma hope o ke kau ʻia ʻana.Ua loaa hou mai i kekahi mau la mahope mai, a mai ia manawa ua aihue hou ia he 13 manawa.I ka makahiki 1965, ua kāʻili ʻia ke kiʻi e kahi hui o nā haumāna i koi i uku pānaʻi o 1 miliona Belgian francs.Ua hoʻihoʻi ʻia ke kiʻi me ka pōʻino ʻole i kekahi mau lā ma hope.
He wahi mākaʻikaʻi kaulana ʻo Manneken Pis a ua hōʻike ʻia ma nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni a me nā hōʻike televise.He mea hoʻomanaʻo kaulana hoʻi ia, a he nui nā kope o kakii keleawe no ke kuai.
ʻO Manneken Pis kahi hōʻailona o Brussels a me Belgium.He mea hoʻomanaʻo ia i ke ʻano hoʻomākeʻaka o ke kūlanakauhale a me kona mōʻaukala o ka pale ʻana i nā pilikia.
Hōʻike ʻia i loko o kahi kīhāpai, plaza lehulehu, a i ʻole kahi hōʻiliʻili pilikino, lilo kēia kiʻi keleawe i wahi kikoʻī leʻaleʻa, e hoʻolaha ana i ka ʻakaʻaka a me ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka ʻakaʻaka i nā wahi āpau.Loaʻa ka Mannekis Piskii keleawe no ke kuaii hana ʻia e nā mea kālai kiʻi kaulana a me nā mea hana.ʻO ka maikaʻi o lākouKa Mea Hana Hana Hana,Mea hana limaLoaʻa ka inoa maikaʻi loa e pili ana i ka maikaʻi a me ke ʻano kamaʻilio hana ma waena o nā ʻoihana keleawe a pau
Hoʻokomo kālā i akii keleawe nuiʻO ka Manneken Pis e hiki ai i kekahi ke hoʻolauleʻa i ka hauʻoli a me ka mahalo ʻole.E ʻapo i ka ʻuhane o ka Manneken Pis a me kāna kope keleawe hoʻohiwahiwa, a hoʻokomo i kou mau wahi me ke ʻano ola o ka hoʻoilina moʻomeheu o Brussels.
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MAMAN
He kiʻi keleawe nui ʻo Maman na Louise Bourgeois.He spider, 30 kapuaʻi ke kiʻekiʻe a ʻoi aku ma mua o 33 kapuaʻi ka laulā.Aia kekahi ʻeke i loko o 32 mau hua marble a ʻo kona ʻōpū a me kona ʻāʻī i hana ʻia me ke keleawe iwi ʻaoʻao.
(Maman, Ottawa)
Ua hana ʻia ke kiʻi kiʻi i ka makahiki 1999 a ke hōʻike ʻia nei ma ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike ʻo Guggenheim ma New York City.ʻO ka inoa ka huaʻōlelo Palani kamaʻāina no Māmā (e like me Mummy).Ua hana ʻia ke kiʻi kiʻi ma 1999 e Bourgeois ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o kāna kōmike hoʻomaka o The Unilever Series (2000), ma ka Hale Turbine ma London's Tate Modern.
Ua kiʻi ke kiʻi kiʻi i ke kumumanaʻo o ka arachnid a Bourgeois i noʻonoʻo mua ai i kahi ʻīnika liʻiliʻi a me ke kiʻi lanahu i ka makahiki 1947, e hoʻomau ana me kāna kiʻi Spider 1996.Hoʻopili ia i ka ikaika o ka makuahine o Bourgeois, me nā ʻōlelo hoʻohālikelike o ka milo, ulana, hānai a pale.ʻO kona makuahine, ʻo Josephine, he wahine nāna i hoʻoponopono i nā tapestries ma ka hale hana hoʻolaʻa lole a kona makuakāne ma Paris.I ka iwakāluakūmākahi o Bourgeoi, ua nalowale kona makuahine i kahi maʻi i ʻike ʻole ʻia.
Ua hōʻike ʻia ʻo Maman ma nā kūlanakauhale nui a puni ka honua, me Tokyo, Seoul, Hong Kong, a me Sydney.Ua mahalo ʻia e ka poʻe hoʻohewa no kona mana a nani.Ua hoʻohewa pū ʻia ke kiʻi no kona nui a me kona hōʻike ʻana i ke kiʻi wahine ma ke ʻano he spider.
ʻOiai ʻo ka hoʻohewa ʻana, noho mau ʻo Maman i kahi kiʻi kaulana a kaulana.He mea hoʻomanaʻo ikaika ia i ka ikaika a me ke kūpaʻa o nā wahine.
Loaʻa nā kiʻi keleawe nui o Maman no ke kūʻai aku mai nā hale kūʻai pūnaewele.ʻO ka maikaʻi o lākouKa Mea Hana Hana Hana, E leka uila iā lākou inā makemake ʻoe i kahi kope o kēia kiʻi kaulana
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KANAKA BELENE A ME KENETAURA
(Bronze Man and Centaur, Metropolitan Museum of Arts)
ʻO ka Bronze Man a me Centaur he kiʻi keleawe 8th century BC, i hana ʻia ma Helene i ka waena o ke kenekulia 8 BC, i ka wā o Archaic Greece.Aia i kēia manawa i ka hōʻiliʻili o ka Metropolitan Museum of Art.ʻO ke kiʻi kiʻi he makana posthumous na J. Pierpont Morgan i hāʻawi ʻia i ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike Metropolitan i ka makahiki 1917.
He kiʻi liʻiliʻi, 4 3/8 iniha (11.1 knm) ke kiʻekiʻe, e hōʻike ana i ke kanaka a me ke keneta i ke kaua.ʻO ke kanaka e paʻa ana i ka ihe, a ʻo ke keneta e paʻa ana i ka pahi kaua.Ua ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ke kanaka ma mua o ke keneta, a ʻike ʻia ʻo ia e paʻi ana i ke keneta.
Hana ʻia ke kiʻi me ke keleawe, a ua hoʻolei ʻia ma ke ʻano o ka nalowale-wax.He kūlana maikaʻi ke kiʻi, akā hōʻike ʻia kekahi mau hōʻailona o ka lole a me ka waimaka.Ua nalowale ka ihe a ke kanaka, a ua poino ka pahikaua a ke keneta.
ʻO ka Bronze Man a me Centaur kahi hiʻohiʻona nui a koʻikoʻi o ke kiʻi kiʻi Helene kahiko.ʻO ia kekahi o nā kiʻi kiʻi liʻiliʻi e ola nei mai ka wā Archaic, a hāʻawi ia i kahi ʻike i ka hoʻomohala mua ʻana o nā kiʻi Helene.
He mea koʻikoʻi nō hoʻi ke kiʻi kiʻi no ka mea e hōʻike ana i ke kanaka a me ke keneta i ke kaua.ʻO nā Centaurs nā mea moʻokalaleo he hapalua kanaka a hapalua lio.Hōʻike pinepine ʻia lākou he mau mea ʻino a ʻino, a ua hoʻohana pinepine ʻia lākou i hōʻailona o ka haunaele a me ka haunaele.
ʻO ka hōʻike o ke kanaka a me kahi centaur i ke kaua e hōʻike ana ua ʻike ka poʻe Helene i nā centaurs i mea hoʻoweliweli i ko lākou lāhui.He poʻe makaʻāinana loa ka poʻe Helene, a ua manaʻo lākou i ka pono a me ka lokahi.ʻO nā centaurs, ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, ua ʻike ʻia he ikaika o ka haunaele a me ka haunaele.
ʻO ka Bronze Man a me Centaur kahi hoʻomanaʻo ikaika o ka hakakā ma waena o ke kauoha a me ka haunaele, ka civilization a me ka barbarism.He mea hoʻomanaʻo ia ʻoiai i loko o nā hui civili loa, aia mau ka hiki ke hana ʻino a me ka haunaele.
Nā nīnau i nīnau pinepine ʻia e pili ana i ka History of Bronze Sculpture
- Na wai i hana ke kii keleawe mua
Ua hana ʻia nā kiʻi keleawe mua i ka makahiki Bronze, i hoʻomaka ma kahi o 3300 BC.He paʻakikī ke ʻike ʻana i ke kumu maoli o ke kiʻi keleawe, ʻoiai e hoʻomohala ana nā ʻano kuʻuna kahiko i kā lākou ʻenehana hoʻolei keleawe.Eia naʻe, ua hana ʻia kekahi o nā kiʻi keleawe kahiko loa ma Kina kahiko.Ua akamai ka poʻe akamai o Kina i ka hoʻoheheʻe keleawe a ua hana i nā ipu ʻoihana paʻakikī, nā mea hoʻonaninani, a me nā kiʻi.ʻO kēia mau kiʻi keleawe kahiko mai Kina i lawelawe i nā hana kuʻuna a me nā kumu hoʻohālike, e hōʻike ana i ka mākaukau loea a me ka hōʻike noʻeau o ka manawa.Ua hoʻonohonoho nā kiʻi keleawe Kina i ke kahua no ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ke kiʻi keleawe ma nā lāhui ʻē aʻe, e like me ʻAigupita, Helene, a me Roma.
- PEPEHEA IA HANA IA ANA I NA KIAI BELENE?
Hana ʻia nā kiʻi keleawe me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻenehana hoʻolei wax nalowale.ʻO ke kaʻina hana ka hana ʻana i kahi hiʻohiʻona kikoʻī a i ʻole ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ke kiʻi i ka wax.Hoʻopili ʻia kēia kŘkohu wax i nā ʻāpana o ka seramika a i ʻole ka plaster no ka hana ʻana i ka poʻi.Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ka ʻōpala, e hoʻoheheʻe ai ka wax a kahe i waho, e waiho ana i kahi lua i ke ʻano i makemake ʻia.Ua ninini ʻia ke keleawe i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka lua, e hoʻopiha ana i ka hakahaka.Ma hope o ka maloʻo a paʻa ʻana o ke keleawe, ua haki ka ʻōpala, e hōʻike ana i ke kiʻi keleawe.ʻO ka hope, hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ke kiʻi a hoʻopau ʻia ma o nā ʻano hana like ʻole e like me ka polishing, patination, a me nā kikoʻī.
- AHEA E LOA AI I NA KI'I BRONZE?
Hiki ke loaʻa nā kiʻi keleawe ma nā wahi like ʻole ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, me nā hale hōʻikeʻike, nā hale kiʻi kiʻi, nā paka lehulehu, a me nā hōʻiliʻili pilikino.Hōʻike pinepine ʻia nā hale hōʻikeʻike kaulana a me nā hale hana noʻeau i nā hōʻikeʻike i hoʻolaʻa ʻia i nā kiʻi kiʻi keleawe, e ʻae ana i ka poʻe malihini e mahalo i ka hana noʻeau a me ke koʻikoʻi o kēia mau hana.Eia kekahi, nui nā kūlanakauhale e hōʻike i nā kiʻi kiʻi ākea ma nā wahi koʻikoʻi, e hāʻawi ana i nā manawa e hālāwai ai me nā kiʻi keleawe ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o ke kaona.
- HE POE KI'I HOU ANA I NA KI'I BRONZE?
ʻAe, nui nā mea pena kiʻi o kēia wā e hoʻomau nei i ka hana ʻana i nā kiʻi keleawe i kēia lā.Ke koi nei kēia mau mea pena kiʻi i nā palena o ka waena, hoʻokolohua me nā ʻenehana hou, nā ʻano, a me nā manaʻo, e hōʻike ana i ka pili mau a me ka ulu ʻana o ke kiʻi keleawe i nā kiʻi o kēia wā.ʻO ka maikaʻi o lākouKa Mea Hana Hana Hana, E leka uila iā lākou inā makemake ʻoe i kahi kope o kēia kiʻi kaulana
- Hiki iaʻu ke kūʻai aku i nā kiʻi keleawe?
ʻAe,kūʻai aku i nā kiʻi keleaweloaʻa ma nā ala like ʻole.Hāʻawi pinepine nā hale kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi, nā mākeke noʻeau pūnaewele, a me nā mea kūʻai kiʻi kūikawā i nā ʻano kiʻi keleawe ākea e kūʻai aku.ʻO kahi mea hana kiʻi keleawe kaulanaMea hana lima, He ʻohi ʻohi paha ʻoe, makemake i ka hana kiʻi, a i ʻole e nānā ana e hoʻomaikaʻi i kou noho ʻana a i ʻole ke keʻena hana me kahi ʻāpana kiʻi kupanaha, aia nā manawa e kiʻi ai i nā kiʻi kiʻi keleawe e kūpono i nā ʻono a me nā kālā like ʻole.
- HE LOA anei na kii keleawe?
ʻAe, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o nā kiʻi keleawe ma muli o ka ikaika a me ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion o ke keleawe keleawe.Me ka mālama pono a me ka mālama ʻana, hiki i nā kiʻi keleawe ke hoʻomau i nā kenekulia, e hoʻolilo iā lākou i mea hoʻolimalima lōʻihi.Hiki iā lākou ke kū i nā mea o waho a me nā loli haʻahaʻa o ka mahana, e kūpono iā lākou no ka hōʻike ʻana i nā ʻano like ʻole.ʻOiai hiki iā lākou ke hoʻomohala i kahi patina kūlohelohe i ka wā lōʻihi, hoʻonui pinepine kēia i ko lākou nani a ʻaʻole e hoʻololi i ko lākou paʻa.ʻO ka holoʻokoʻa, kaulana nā kiʻi keleawe no ko lākou ʻano mau a me ka hiki ke kū i ka hoʻāʻo o ka manawa.
- HE PONO KELELE NO KA MAHELE Iwaho
ʻAe, kūpono nā kiʻi keleawe no ka hoʻohana ʻana i waho.ʻO Bronze kahi mea paʻa a paʻa i ka wā, kūpono ia no ke kū ʻana i nā mea o waho.He kūpaʻa loa ia i ka ʻino a hiki ke kū i ka ʻike ʻana i ka ua, ka lā, a me ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka mahana me ka ʻole o ka pōʻino nui.Nui nā pāka lehulehu, nā kīhāpai, a me nā plaza e hōʻike ana i nā kiʻi keleawe waho i mālama i ko lākou nani a me ka pololei i ka manawa.Eia nō naʻe, he mea nui e hoʻomaopopo i nā kūlana kaiapuni koʻikoʻi, e like me ka wā koʻikoʻi a i ʻole ka pollution nui, pono paha e hoʻomalu hou a mālama ʻia e hōʻoia i ka lōʻihi o ke kiʻi.
Ka hopena
I ka hopena, ʻo ka mōʻaukala o ke kiʻi keleawe he hōʻike i ke ʻano paʻa o kēia ʻano kiʻi.Mai kona kumu i ka moʻomeheu kahiko a hiki i kona kaulana kaulana i kēia mau lā, ua hoʻopio a hoʻoulu ʻia ke kiʻi keleawe i nā hanauna.ʻO ka nani, ka ikaika, a me ka maʻalahi o ke keleawe ma ke ʻano he mea i hiki ai i nā mea pena kiʻi i loko o ka mōʻaukala e hana i nā hana nani e kū nei i ka hoʻāʻo o ka manawa.Inā ʻo ia ka haku mele kahiko o Helene kahiko a i ʻole ka wehewehe ʻana o nā mea pena kiʻi o kēia wā, ke hoʻomau ʻia nei ke kiʻi keleawe no kona hiki ke hoʻopuka i nā manaʻo, hopu i nā manawa o ka mōʻaukala, a waiho i kahi manaʻo mau loa i ka poʻe mahalo i kāna hana kiʻi.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻAukake-28-2023